ÖLÜM PSİKOLOJİSİNDEN DERİN EKOLOJİ VE ERİNCE: KATHERİNE MANSFİELD’IN FRANSA’DA GEÇİRDİĞİ SON GÜNLERİ
Author :
Abstract
Katherine Mansfield (1888-1923) 1922’de, ölümü yanı başında hissettiği günlerde, Norveçli filozof Arne Næss’in (1912-2009) 1973’te kuramsallaştırıp “derin ekoloji” adını vereceği bütüncül dünya yaklaşımını benimseyerek durumunun ciddiyetini unutmayı başarır. Fontainebleau-Avon’daki Uyumlu Kişisel Gelişim Enstitüsünde, ruhunun derinliklerinde insandan öte yaşam biçimlerine karşı geliştirdiği yakınlık ve sevgi sayesinde mutluluğu yakalar. Enstitüde ayrıca Rus mistik George Ivanovich Gurdjieff’in (1866?-1949) tanrısal kabul edilen ve kâinatın birliğine yaptığı vurguyla yüzlerce yıl öncesinden derin ekolojinin habercisi olmuş Sufizm ile ilişkilendirilebilir “Devinimler” adlı sembolik dansında, derin ekoloji felsefesinin fiziksel betimlemesini görür. Mansfield, bunlara ek olarak, farklı milli kimlik ve inanç gruplarına ait kişilerin bir araya geldiği Fontainebleau’da, insanlarla arasında bir bağ olduğunu hisseder, dolayısıyla Gurdjieff’in öğrencilerine “benim insanlarım” der ve onlarla birlikte insanın kâinatla olan ortak ilişkisi üzerine derinlemesine düşünür. Mektupları ve ilgili diğer yazılarına göndermelerle Mansfield’ın Fransa’da geçirdiği son günlere odaklanan bu çalışma, yazarın söz konusu dönem ve yerde hem insan hem insan olmayan doğa ya da doğanın tümü ile bir birlik duygusu geliştirdiği ve bu duygunun kaçışı olmayan zor devreyi, simya misali, tatminkâr bir zaman dilimine çevirdiği savı üzerinedir.
Keywords
Abstract
In 1922, at a time when death was closing on her, Katherine Mansfield (1888-1923) could forget the solemnity of her state by adopting a holistic approach to the world, which, in 1973, Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss (1912-2009) would theorise about and term “deep ecology.” At the Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man at Fontainebleau-Avon, on the threshold of her permanent end, deep in her psyche Mansfield found happiness in the feeling of kinship with and compassion for life forms other than her own. There she also saw the physical representation of the philosophy of deep ecology in Russian mystic George Ivanovich Gurdjieff’s (1866?-1949) “Movements,” a symbolic dance deemed sacred and traceable to Sufism which, with its stress on the unity within the universe, had centuries ago foreshadowed deep ecology. Furthermore, at Fontainebleau, where the paths of people of different nationalities and creeds intersected, Mansfield felt affiliated with humans, thereby calling Gurdjieff’s disciples “my people,” and contemplated in unison with them man’s symbiotic relation to the universe. This paper, focused on the last stage of Mansfield’s life which she spent in France with references to her letters and other relevant writings, proposes to discuss that in the said period and setting, the writer acquired a sense of oneness with both human and nonhuman nature, or nature in its totality, which ultimately, like alchemy, transformed the painful period she had to endure into a rewarding one.
Keywords
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