Author :
Abstract
Gelişmiş ülkelerin sınırlarını kontrol etme ve dil ile vatandaşlık testleri yoluyla çoğunluk dili ve kültürünün bütünlüğünü göçmen akımına karşı koruma politikaları üzerine şimdiye kadar pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır (Blackledge, 2009; Stevenson&Schanze, 2009; Shohamy, 2009). Bununla birlikte göçmenlerin dil testi süreciyle ilgili ne düşündükleri ve deneyimleri hakkında daha az nitel çalışma bulunmakta. Mevcut çalışma göçmenlerin bakış açısından literature katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla Türkiye’nin güneyinden Almanya’ya göç eden üç erkek katılımcıyla Skype üzerinden görüşme yapıldı. Katılımcıların Almanca dil ve vatandaşlık testi için çalışma ve teste girme sürecindeki deneyimlerini keşfetmek ve testin adaylar üzerindeki etkisini ve sonuçların göçmenler için ne anlama geldiğini kullanarak testin etikliğini araştırmak için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapıldı. Yazıya dökülen görüşme verisi derinlemesine içerik analiziyle işlenerek yinelenen temalar ilgili kategoriler altında toplandı. Çalışma göçmenlerin genel olarak girdikleri dil testinden memnun oldukları ve testin göçmenlerin dil yeterliklerini ölçmek için uygun bir yöntem olduğunu düşündükleri sonucuna vardı. Bununla birlikte, üç göçmenin açıklamaları testin eşitlik açısından yetersizlikleri olduğunu ortaya çıkardı. Bu çalışma özellikle okuma-yazma bilmeyen ve yaşlı göçmenler için test eşitliğinin nasıl artırılabileceği konusunda birkaç öneriyle sonuçlanıyor.
Keywords
Abstract
Many studies (Blackledge, 2009; Stevenson & Schanze, 2009; Shohamy, 2009) have been done on the recent policies of developed countries to control their borders and ensure the intactness of the majority language and culture in the face of influx of immigrants with language and civic tests. Nevertheless, there are fewer qualitative studies done on what immigrants think of the language testing process and what they have experienced. The current research aims to contribute to the literature about language testing from immigrants’ point of view. For this purpose, three men who immigrated to Germany from southern Turkey were interviewed on Skype. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore their experiences during the process of studying for and taking the German language and civic test, and to investigate the ethicality of the test by drawing upon its impact on lives of test-takers and what its results mean for immigrants. Transcribed interview data were processed with in-depth content analysis and recurring themes were subsumed under similar categories. The study found that the immigrants were generally satisfied with the language test they took and considered the test to be an appropriate method of measuring the linguistic proficiency of immigrants. However, the three immigrants’ accounts revealed certain shortcomings of the test in terms of fairness. The study concludes by making several suggestions to increase the fairness of the language test particularly for illiterate and elder immigrants.
Keywords
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