PRESENTATION OF A CULTURAL SYMBOL "MANZIKERT" AS A DEVELOPMENT FACTOR
KÜLTÜREL BİR SEMBOLÜN KALKINMA UNSURU OLARAK SUNULMASI: “MALAZGİRT”

Author : Nurullah ULUTAŞ
Number of pages : 36-48

Abstract

In the world history, some cities have a cyclical importance to steer the course of history. Rome, Jerusalem, İstanbul and Paris are the leading ones among these cities. “Manzikert” was conquered by Sultan Alparslan in 1071 as a key to Anatolian door and gave the title deed of this land to Turks. This victory has a great importance not only for Turkish-Islam, Iran and Byzantium history but also for the whole world history. This victory started the history of Turkey in Anatolia, helped to build Turkmen beylics and diminished Byzantium pressure on the Islamic world. Although Muslim communities occasionally dominated over Muş and its surroundings, which were first conquered by Omar bin Khattab, the permanent domination started after Manzikert Victory. Byzantium-Greek-Orthodox culture in Anatolia was replaced with Turkish-Islamic culture through this victory. Manzikert became a castle to protect the Islamic world against the Christian West. Experiences of Seljuks and Ottoman, which headed towards Western from Anatolia, would turn into a cultural reform reaching up to Balkans, Vienna and Al-Andalus; the ground of this reform was laid through Manzikert Victory. Western orientalists conducted many research on Manzikert, yet academic and literary studies on this in our culture are very limited in our culture. Bernard Lewis states that a history view emerged in Republic Period was based on Anatolia and civilizations born in Anatolia as a reaction against pan-Turkism idea. In this scope, Yahya Kemal Beyatlı considers Manzikert Victory as the beginning of Turkish history. Taking stand from Barres' idea suggesting the land where the dead rest, he advocates that Anatolia gained a Hometown identity for the first time thanks to this victory. In articles and speeches of Yahya Kemal, Manzikert has a significant place. His poems titled Süleymaniye’de Bayram Sabahı”,“Alparslan’ın Ruhuna Gazel” poems and article titled “Türk İstanbul” are important in this sense. Ziya Gökalp praises Sultan Alparslan and Manzikert in his two-act poetic plays, articles and speeches. Niyazi Yıldırım Gençosmanoğlu also mentions this victory with a lyrical style in an epic. To summarize, Manzikert takes place in the works of our artists and men of letters with its image in our culture. This paper touches upon the contribution of the image of “Manzikert” on culture tourism taking stand from its role in our poetry and literature.

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Keywords

Manzikert, Muş, Development, Poetry, Culture Tourism.

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International Journal of Language Academy